What Are the Prerequisites for Dental Hygiene?

To pursue a career as a dental hygienist, candidates must first meet basic education requirements. Most programs require:

• A high school diploma or GED equivalent
• Completion of prerequisite college courses
• A minimum GPA requirement (varies by program)+

Dental hygiene programs are typically two to three years in length and lead to an associate degree. Some universities offer bachelor’s and master’s degree options for those seeking advanced roles in education, research, or public health.

Most accredited dental hygiene programs require students to complete certain prerequisite college courses before applying. These courses provide a foundational understanding of science, healthcare, and communication.

• Anatomy and Physiology: Focuses on the structure and function of the human body, especially the head and neck.
• Microbiology: Covers bacteria, viruses, and fungi, along with their impact on oral health.
• Chemistry: Many programs require general chemistry, and some may require organic or biochemistry.

• Psychology: Helps understand patient behavior, anxiety, and interactions in a clinical setting.
• Sociology: Examines social structures and how they influence health.
• English Composition: Improves documentation and communication skills.
• Mathematics: Some programs require algebra or statistics.
• Nutrition: Focuses on how diet affects oral health and overall well-being.
• Communication: Public speaking and interpersonal communication courses can be beneficial.

Most dental hygiene programs require a minimum GPA for admission, often around 2.5 or higher. Some schools have separate GPA requirements for science courses. Since many programs are competitive, higher GPAs and strong science grades can improve acceptance chances.

Beyond coursework and GPA, many dental hygiene programs require the following:

Some programs require applicants to complete observation hours in a dental office to gain firsthand experience in dental hygiene.

While not mandatory, working as a dental assistant before applying can strengthen an application and provide valuable insight into patient care.

Applicants may need to submit letters from science instructors, dentists, or employers who can attest to their skills and academic abilities.

A personal statement is often required, allowing candidates to express their interest in dental hygiene, career goals, and relevant experiences.

Some programs require an interview to evaluate communication skills, motivation, and understanding of the profession.

Many programs require students to obtain CPR certification before enrollment or during their studies.

After graduating from an accredited dental hygiene program, individuals must obtain state licensure. Licensing requirements generally include:

• National Board Examination: The National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (NBDHE) tests core knowledge and clinical skills.
• Clinical Examination: Most states require a clinical skills test administered by a regional examining board.
• State Jurisprudence Exam: Some states require a written exam covering local laws and regulations.
• Background Check: A criminal background check may be required for licensing.

Dental hygienists perform a variety of procedures, but their exact scope of practice varies by state. Common procedures include:

• Prophylaxis (Cleaning): Removing plaque, tartar, and stains from teeth.
• Periodontal Therapy: Scaling and root planing to treat gum disease.
• Radiographs (X-rays): Taking and interpreting dental X-rays.
• Sealants: Applying protective coatings to teeth to prevent cavities.
• Fluoride Treatments: Strengthening enamel to reduce decay.
• Oral Cancer Screenings: Identifying early signs of abnormalities.

No, requirements can vary by institution. Always check the admissions page of the programs you are considering.

Most dental hygiene programs take two to three years to complete. Some schools offer accelerated or bachelor's degree options.

Yes, passing the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination is required for licensure in most states.

No, all states require dental hygienists to be licensed before practicing.

The demand for dental hygienists is strong, with competitive salaries and opportunities in private practice, public health, education, and research.